- 作 者：Hans J. Eysenck and Gisli H. Gudjonsson.
- 出 版 社：
- 出版年份：1989
- ISBN：0306429683
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1. Introduction 1
PART ONE: PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 17
2. The Constitutional Theory of Criminality 17
Introduction: Stigmata 17
Physique: The Kretschmer-Sheldon System 22
Physique and Personality 26
Early Studies of Criminality and Physique 33
Criminality and the Sheldon System 34
Conclusion 41
3. Crime and Personality 43
The Descriptive Variables: Personality Research 43
Intelligence and Criminality 49
Temperament and Criminality 55
4. Criminality, Heredity, and Environment 91
Modern Behavioral Genetics 91
Twin Studies of Criminality 96
Adoption Studies of Criminality 103
Interpretation of Findings 105
Summary and Conclusions 108
5. A Biological Theory of Criminality 109
Arousal and Conditioning 109
A General Arousal Theory of Criminality 118
Arousal, Masculinity, and Androgens 125
Sociobiology of Human Reproduction and Criminality 134
Summary and Conclusions 139
PART TWO: SENTENCING, PUNISHMENT, AND REHABILITATION 143
6. The Function and Effectiveness of Sentencing 143
Introduction 143
The Function of Sentencing 144
The Court Hierarchy 145
Types of Sentencing Available 146
Remission and Parole 152
Mentally Disordered Offenders 152
Juvenile Delinquency 153
The Measurement of Criminal Behavior 155
Police Cautioning 160
Type of Sentences Given 161
Reconviction 163
Community Service Orders 167
Truancy and the Courts 167
Prison Sentences 169
The Death Penalty 177
Conclusions 178
7. The Prevention and Treatment of Illegal Behavior 183
Introduction 183
Ways of Studying Intervention Effects 183
Requirements for Evaluative Research 186
The Concept of Prevention 189
The Effectiveness of Predelinquent Measures 191
Preadjudication Intervention 194
Postadjudication Intervention 195
Overall Effectiveness of Treatment/Rehabilitation 200
Social Learning Approach 207
Punishment--Does It Work? 209
Cognitive-Behavioral Techniques 213
Individual Differences in Treatment Effectiveness 216
Mental Illness and Crime 217
Conclusions 219
8. Sexual Deviations 221
Introduction: Recent Trends 221
Definitions and Conceptualizations 222
Types of Sexual Deviations 225
Intervention Techniques and Their Evaluation 234
Conclusions 243
9. Summary and Conclusions 247
REFERENCES 257
INDEX 303