- 作 者：PAUL B.PAULUS
- 出 版 社：SPRINGER-VERLAG
- 出版年份：1988
- ISBN：0387966501
- 标注页数：115 页
- PDF页数：123 页
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Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Effects of Crowding in General 7
Crowding Studies with Animals 8
Correlational Studies with Humans 9
Experimental Studies with Humans 11
Field Studies 12
Chapter 3 Prison Crowding Research 14
Archival Studies of Overall Prison Crowding 14
Direct Assessments of Inmates in Different Types of Housing 19
Effects of Changes in Housing 20
Summary and Evaluation 21
Chapter 4 Prison Housing 23
Early Studies 23
Research Procedures 26
Texarkana—Singles, Doubles, and Dorms 28
El Reno—Singles, Doubles, and Cubicles 31
Danbury—Singles, Cubicles, and Dorms 33
Atlanta—Multiple-Occupant Cells 34
Overall Analyses of Housing Type 35
Time in Housing 37
Jail Studies 38
Summary 39
Chapter 5 Crowding and Health 41
Illness 41
Urine Chemistry Correlates of Stress and Housing 45
Archival Data on Health and Maladaptive Behavior 46
Changes in Population 48
Summary 52
Chapter 6 Background and Experiential Factors 55
Background Factors 57
Criminal History 59
Length of Confinement 60
Summary 61
Tolerance for Prison Crowding 63
Conclusions 67
Chapter 7 Gender and Racial/Ethnic Differences 69
Gender Effects 69
Racial Effects 71
Ethnic Differences 73
Summary 76
Chapter 8 Theoretical Implications 77
Theoretical Analyses of Crowding 77
Evidential Support for the Social Interaction-Demand Model 79
The Special Case of Violence 84
Divergent Views 86
Chapter 9 Practical Implications and Future Directions 89
Major Findings 89
Practical Implications 90
Future Directions 91
Appendix 97
References 101
Author Index 109
Subject Index 113