- 作 者：RICHARD A.CLOWARD AND LLOYD E.OHLIN
- 出 版 社：THE FREE PRESS
- 出版年份：1960
- ISBN：0029055903
- 标注页数：220 页
- PDF页数：230 页
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1 DELINQUENT SUBCULTURES 1
Deviance and Delinquency 2
Delinquent Acts and Delinquent Subcultures 7
Delinquent Norms 13
Varieties of Delinquent Subculture 20
The Distribution of Delinquent Subcultures 27
2 QUESTIONS A THEORY MUST ANSWER 31
The Origin of Pressures Toward Deviance 34
The Evolution of Delinquent Subcultures 40
Change and Persistence of Delinquent Subculutres 43
3 SOME CURRENT THEORIES OF DELINQUENT SUBCULTURES 47
Masculine Identification and Delinquent Subcultures 48
Adolescence and Delinquent Subcultures 54
Lower-class Culture and Delinquent Subcultures 65
4 GOALS, NORMS, AND ANOMIE 77
The Regulation of Goals: Durkheim 78
The Regulation of Goals and Norms: Merton 82
Success Values in American Life 86
Barriers to Legitimate Opportunity 97
Alternative Avenues to Success-Goals 104
5 THE EVOLUTION OF DELINQENT SUBCULTURES 108
The Process of Alienation 110
Collective vs. Individual Solutions 124
Techniques of Defense Against Guilt 130
The Collective ,Problem-Solving Process 139
6 ILLEGITIMATE MEANS AND DELINQUENT SUBCULTURES 144
The Availability of Illegitimate Means 145
Learning and Performance Structures 148
Differential Opportunity: A Hypothesis 150
Illegitimate Opportunities and the Social Structure of the Slum 152
Slum Organization and Subcultural Differentiation 159
7 SUBCULTURAL DIFFERENTIATION 161
The Criminal Subculture 161
The Conflict Subculture 171
The Retreatist Subculture 178
8 PERSISTENCE AND CHANGE IN DELINQUENT SUBCULTURES 187
Patterns of Persistence in Delinquent Subcultures 188
Patterns of Change in Delinquent Subcultures 193
INDEX 213