- 作 者：张三慧编著
- 出 版 社：清华大学出版社
- 出版年份：2010
- ISBN：9787302225607
- 标注页数：370 页
- PDF页数：40537161 页
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PART 3 ELECTROMAGNETISM 2
CHAPTER 11 ELECTROSTATIC FIELD 2
11.1 Electric Charges 2
11.2 Electric Field and Electric Field Intensity 3
11.3 Coulomb's Law and Calculating Electrostatic Field 4
11.4 Electric Field Lines and Electric Flux 9
11.5 Gauss' Law 12
11.6 Finding Electrostatic Field Distribution by Gauss' Law 14
SUMMARY 18
QUESTIONS 19
PROBLEMS 19
CHAPTER 12 ELECTRIC POTENTIAL 21
12.1 Conservative Property of Electrostatic Field 21
12.2 Electric Potential Difference and Electric Potential 23
12.3 Principle of Superposition of Electric Potential 25
12.4 Finding Field from Potential 29
12.5 Electrostatic Energy of Electric Charge in External Electric Field 30
12.6 Energy of Electrostatic Field 31
SUMMARY 32
QUESTIONS 33
PROBLEMS 33
CHAPTER 13 ELECTROSTATIC FIELD WITH CONDUCTORS OR DIELECTRICS PRESENT 35
13.1 Conditions for Electrostatic Equilibrium of a Conductor 35
13.2 Charge Distribution on a Conductor in Electrostatic Equilibrium State 36
13.3 Finding Electrostatic Field When Conductors are Present 37
13.4 Capacitors and Capacitance 39
13.5 Effect on Dielectrics by Electric Field 43
13.6 Polarization of Dielectrics 44
13.7 Electric Displacement Vector D and Its Gauss' Law 47
13.8 Energy Stored in a Capacitor 47
SUMMARY 50
QUESTIONS 50
PROBLEMS 51
CHAPTER 14 ELECTRIC CURRENT AND MAGNETIC FIELD 53
14.1 Electric Current and Current Density 53
14.2 A Classical Microscopic View of Electric Current 55
14.3 Ohm's Law 57
14.4 Magnetic Force and Motion of Electric Charge 58
14.5 Magnetic Field and Magnetic Induction 59
14.6 Biot-Savart Law 61
14.7 Ampere Circuital Theorem 67
14.8 Finding Distribution of the Magnetic Field with Ampere Circuital Theorem 70
14.9 Magnetic Field Associated with Varying Electric Field 72
SUMMARY 76
QUESTIONS 77
PROBLEMS 78
CHAPTER 15 MAGNETIC FORCE 80
15.1 Motion of Charged Particles in a Magnetic Field 80
15.2 Hall Effect 82
15.3 Force on Current-carrying Wires in a Magnetic Field 84
15.4 Torque on a Current-carrying Coil in a Magnetic Field 85
15.5 Interaction between Parallel Currents 88
SUMMARY 90
QUESTIONS 90
PROBLEMS 91
CHAPTER 16 MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS 94
16.1 Effect on Magnetic Field by Materials 94
16.2 Magnetization 95
16.3 Vector H and Its Circuital Theorem 97
16.4 Magnetic Shielding 99
SUMMARY 99
QUESTIONS 100
PROBLEMS 101
CHAPTER 17 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE 102
17.1 Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction 102
17.2 Motional Emf 106
17.3 Induced Emf and Induced Electric Field 110
17.4 Mutual Induction 112
17.5 Self-induction 113
17.6 Energy Stored in Magnetic Field 115
17.7 Maxwell's Equations 116
17.8 Electromagnetic Waves (EM Waves) 117
17.9 Energy in EM Waves 118
SUMMARY 120
QUESTIONS 121
PROBLEMS 123
PART 4 WAVE AND OPTICS 128
CHAPTER 18 VIBRATION 128
18.1 Description of Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM) 128
18.2 SHM and Uniform Circular Motion 130
18.3 Dynamical Equation of SHM 133
18.4 Energy of SHM 135
18.5 Damped Vibration 136
18.6 Forced Vibration Resonance 137
18.7 Combination of One-dimensional SHM's of Same Frequency 138
18.8 Combination of One-dimensional SHM's of Different Frequencies 140
SUMMARY 141
QUESTIONS 142
PROBLEMS 142
CHAPTER 19 WAVES 144
19.1 Travelling Waves 144
19.2 Formation of a Simple Harmonic Wave 146
19.3 Wave Function of the SHW Wavelength 147
19.4 Elastic deformations of Materials 152
19.5 Wave Speed in Elastic Media 155
19.6 Energy of Waves 157
19.7 Huygens' Principle and the Reflection and Refraction of Waves 161
19.8 Superposition of Waves, and Standing Wave 165
19.9 Sound Wave 168
19.10 Doppler Effect 170
SUMMARY 174
QUESTIONS 176
PROBLEMS 177
CHAPTER 20 INTERFERENCE OF LIGHT 179
20.1 Young's Double-slit Interference 179
20.2 Coherent Light 182
20.3 Optical Path 184
20.4 Thin-film Interference 186
SUMMARY 189
QUESTIONS 190
PROBLEMS 191
CHAPTER 21 DIFFRACTION OF LIGHT 194
21.1 Fraunhofer Diffraction 194
21.2 Single-slit Fraunhofer Diffraction 195
21.3 Resolving Power of a Optical Instrument 198
21.4 Grating Diffraction 202
21.5 Grating spectra 205
SUMMARY 207
QUESTIONS 208
PROBLEMS 209
CHAPTER 22 POLARIZATION OF LIGHT 212
22.1 Natural Light and Polarized Light 212
22.2 Polarization by Absorption 214
22.3 Polarization by Reflection 217
22.4 Double Refraction 218
SUMMARY 219
QUESTIONS 220
PROBLEMS 220
CHAPTER 23 GEOMETRICAL OPTICS 222
23.1 Light Rays 222
23.2 Reflection of Light 223
23.3 Spherical Mirrors 225
23.4 Refraction of Light 229
23.5 The Focal Length of a Thin Lenses 231
23.6 Imaging by Thin Lenses 235
23.7 Optical Instruments 239
SUMMARY 242
QUESTIONS 243
PROBLEMS 244
PART 5 FUNDAMENTALS OF QUANTUM PHYSICS 249
CHAPTER 24 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS OF QUANTUM PHYSICS 249
24.1 The Birth of the Concept of Quantum 249
24.2 Emergence of the Concept of Photon 252
24.3 Compton Scattering 255
24.4 Wave Nature of Particles 256
24.5 Probability Wave and Probability Amplitude 260
24.6 Uncertainty Relation 263
24.7 Schrodinger Equation 267
24.8 A Particle in an Infinitely Deep Square Potential Well 268
24.9 Barrier Penetration 272
SUMMARY 277
QUESTIONS 279
PROBLEMS 279
CHAPTER 25 ELECTRONS IN ATOMS 282
25.1 Hydrogen Atom 282
25.2 Spin of Electron and Spin-orbit Coupling 289
25.3 Configuration of Electrons in Atoms 297
25.4 Laser 302
SUMMARY 307
QUESTIONS 309
PROBLEMS 310
CHAPTER 26 ELECTRONS IN SOLIDS 312
26.1 Energy Distribution of Free Electrons in Metals 312
26.2 Conducting Mechanism of Metals 317
26.3 Energy Bands,Conductors and Insulators 318
26.4 Semiconductors 322
26.5 PN Junction 325
SUMMARY 327
QUESTIONS 328
PROBLEMS 329
CHAPTER 27 NUCLEAR PHYSICS 330
27.1 General Properties of Nuclei 330
27.2 Nuclear Force 333
27.3 Binding Energy of Nuclei 336
27.4 Radioactivity and the Decay Law 340
27.5 Three Kinds of Radioactive Rays 344
27.6 Nuclear Reactions 348
SUMMARY 350
QUESTIONS 352
PROBLEMS 352
DATA LIST 354
ANSWERS TO ALL PROBLEMS 356
INDEX 363