- 作 者：A.VAN DER ZIEL
- 出 版 社：BUTTERWORTHS PUBLICATIONS LIMITED
- 出版年份：1959
- ISBN：
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1.INTRODUCTION 1
Reasons for Studying Fluctuations in Semi-conductors 1
Classification of Various Sources of Noise 2
2.CHARACTERIZATION OF NOISINESS IN TWO-AND FOUR-TERMINAL NETWORKS 3
Noise Characterization in Two-terminal Networks 3
Noise Characterization in Four-terminal Networks 4
Noise-measuring Equipment 6
Noise Measurements 8
3.MATHEMATICAL METHODS 11
Probability Distributions,Averages,Correlation 11
Fourier Analysis of Fluctuating Quantities 14
Carson’s Theorem 17
The Langevin Equation for One Variable 17
The Langevin Equation for Several Variables 20
4.GENERATION-RECOMBINATION NOISE IN THE CASE OF THERMAL EQUILIBRIUM 22
Noise Caused by Resistance Fluctuations 22
Simple Treatment of the Problem:Older Theories 23
Carrier Density Fluctuations 26
Ambipolar Effects 31
Processes Leading to a Series of Time Constants 37
Equivalent Circuit Methods 39
Comparison with Experiments 43
5.FLICKER NOISE IN SEMI-CONDUCTOR MATERIAL 46
General Characteristics of Flicker Noise 46
Experiments Concerning the Nature of l/f Noise 48
Field Effect 50
Application of the Surface Model to Flicker Noise 54
Other Theories 60
6.NOISE IN PHOTO-CONDUCTORS 65
The Fundamental Noise Problem in Photo-conductors 65
Sensitivity Limit of Photo-conductors:Noise Figure 70
Discussion of Several Examples 73
Discussion of Practical Photo-conductors 77
7.NOISE IN SEMI-CONDUCTOR RESISTORS 83
Linear Semi-conductor Resistance Devices 83
Non-linear Semi-conductor Resistors:Thermistors 84
8.SHOT NOISE IN SEMI-CONDUCTOR DIODES 86
Introduction 86
The Corpuscular Approach 89
Modulation Effects 94
The Collective Approach 96
Experimental Verification of the Theory 106
Noise in the Avalanche Region of a p-n Junction Charaoteristic 108
9.SHOT NOISE IN JUNCTION TRANSISTORS 113
The Low-frequency Corpuscular Approach 114
General Corpuscular Approach in Transistors 119
Modulation Effccts 123
The Collective Approach 124
Experimental Verification of the Theory 127
10.FLICKER NOISE IN DIODES AND TRANSISTORS 137
General Characteristics of Flicker Noise 137
Flicker Noisc in Junction Diodes 138
Flicker Noise in Transistors 143
11.APPLICATIONS:MINIMUM NOISE CONSIDERATIONS 149
Noise in Semi-conductor Photocells 149
Low-noise Transistor Circuits 151
Diodes as Mixers and as Parametric Amphfiers 157
Index 165